Practical Aspects of Implementing the TRL Calibration

The TRL (Through-Reflect-Line) calibration [1] is frequently used for the determination of the error terms of vectorial network analyzers (VNA). National metrology institutes often apply this calibration method in order to make traceable high-precision measurements with coaxial air line standards. The extension of this procedure for performing traceable on-wafer measurements is a topic of current research. In this context, the necessity of a stand-alone application of this procedure has occurred. It is well-known that the VNA firmware implementation of TRL of various manufacturers differs. Two possible variants of implementing the TRL method are described in [2] and [3]. This paper discusses the main differences between the two variants and details possible steps in calculating the transmission line propagation constant, which is obtained as a by-product of the algorithm, and the VNA correction coefficients. [via]

http://www.cosis.net/abstracts/KH2006/00085/K...

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Practical Aspects of Implementing the TRL Calibration

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